The origins of Mainz date back to around 38 BC, when the Romans built a citadel in the location of modern-day Mainz. The city’s location at the confluence of the Rhine and Main Rivers has always been ideal for trade lending to an incredible history that is reflected by the artifacts kept in the Landesmuseum. These artifacts show that there have been settlements at this location since as early as 300,000 BC. The most logical starting point in exploring Mainz on your Rhine River cruise excursion is by visiting the Dom, or the Cathedral of St Martin and St Stephan, especially on Tuesdays, Fridays, and Saturdays, when the farmers’ market is open. Although the cathedral was actually started in 975, most of what is seen today was built from the 11th to the 13th centuries. At the Dom und Diözesanmuseum in the cathedral cloisters, you can bear witness to the opulence and wealth of the Church in Mainz.